These are the soldiers known in our family to have fought in the War, there may be others as I am still researching possible candidates. Possible candidates based upon age are: John Newton McKnight-NC, John McAuley Muse-NC, Thomas P. Terry-MS, Wesley Johnson-TX, William Phillips-TN, all possible Confederate candidates. Bernard Coleman-NY and the father of Frank Warren Kemp are possible Union candidates. Owen Forrester is also a possible candidate, and as he was raised in Tennessee and moved to Missouri (added to the fact that his father was murdered by slaves), could have gone either way. Another uncertain candidate is Edmond Fulghum who was born in Tennesse, lived in Alabama and Mississippi and moved to Kansas just before the War began.

Dr.James Holland McCorkle enlisted  in March 1862 in Springfield, Smith County, Texas under Captain Benjamin R. Tyees. His company formed part of the 5th, 10th, and 15th Texas Regiment in Smith's Brigade, Cleburne's Division. Dr. McCorkle was captured at Arkansas Post and exchanged east of the Mississippi. Dr. McCorkle's unit saw action at Missionary Ridge, Taylor's Ridge, and New Hope Church. In the winter of 1863, he was stationed at Tunnel Hill, near Marietta, GA outside of Atlanta. Dr. McCorkle was a surgeon and is said to have been honored by the Daughters of the Confederacy for his service during the War.

Dr. McCorkle was born in South Carolina in 1818, probably in Lancaster County. His parentage is still unknown, though there were many McCorkle's in Lancaster, York, and Kershaw Counties during this time period. Dr.McCorkle married the widow, Sarah Wells Webb about 1851 in Starrville, Smith, TX. Sarah was the daughter of Rice Wells and Chancey or Christina Berry Wells. She was the widow of Thomas Webb whom she married ca 1839. With Thomas Webb, she had two living children, Ella b. 1840 and Thomas b. 1847. Dr.McCorkle was living in Smith County, TX before 1850 and in the 1850 census, he is living with Rice Wells (though Sarah is not shown as living there at that time). Dr.McCorkle was a Mason and was a Charter member of the Starr Lodge #118 which was chartered in 1853. Dr.McCorkle and Sarah had five children: Robert P. (who died young), Mollie b. 1852, James Holland b. 1856, an infant daughter b. 28 July 1862 and died 11 August 1862, and another daughter, Lee b. 2 November 1863 and died 7 October 1865. Obviously, Sarah was pregnant with the infant daughter when Dr.McCorkle enlisted for service in the War. One cannot help but wonder if Dr.McCorkle ever saw his infant daughter before she died. Dr.McCorkle was a slaveholder and farmer in Smith County, TX.

Evidently, Dr.McCorkle was captured in action around Arkansas Post about the 16th of November 1863. His exchange must have been almost immediately as he is present at Missionary Ridge 25 November 1863. This was an action just immediately south of Chattanooga as Federal forces under General Sherman moved to take the strategic position of Chattanooga. Missionary Ridge is located in the mountain foothills just south of Chattanooga. Cleburne's division held off the Federal attack, but the Confederate forces were split and the Confederates were forced to retreat. Cleburne's Division covered the retreat as the Confederate army escaped across Chickamauga Creek during the night leaving Chattanooga and the surrounding area entirely in Union control. A total of over 56,000 Federals were engaged in the battle with 753 killed, 4,732 wounded and 349 missing for a total of 5824. Confederate forces totaled 46,000 with 361 killed, 2160 wounded and 4146 missing for a total of 6667, manyof which were prisoners. The loss of Chattanooga for the Confederates opened the door to Atlanta.

Two days later, 27 November 1863, Dr.McCorkle again saw action at Taylor's Ridge, GA as the Chattanooga campaign was brought to a conclusion.

The Campaign of New Hope Church, GA began May 25, 1864 and lasted until June 4, 1864. New Hope Church is 25 miles northeast of Atlanta, therefore it lay in Sherman's path as he marched towards Atlanta. On May 25th the Confederates managed to halt Sherman's advance with heavy casualties. On May 26th Sherman's entire army pushed forth with heavy skirmishing and by nightfall, the two armies were entrenched closely to one another. The next day followed with heavy fighting, but again the Confederates held their position. Saturday, the 28th of May, the two armies again fought for position, the Confederates suffering heavy losses and were forced to pull back. Again, the next day there was sharp skirmishing and a shifting of positions with irregular fire commonplace in the Georgia woodlands. Day after day, the skirmishing continued, but the Confederates were not only skillful, but they were determined. Federals and Confederates had each lost about 9,000 men.  June opened with the Federal cavalry under George Stoneman capturing Altoona Pass which controlled the central railroad into Chattanooga. Skirmishing moved into Marietta and Kingston, GA. June 2d saw Sherman shift his armies northeast by the left flank of New Hope Church. Saturday, June 4th brought the soldiers a heavy rainstorm as Josepth E. Johnston shifted the Confederate Army of Tennessee during the night from the New Hope Church area outside Atlanta northward to a position along Lost, Pine, and Brush mountains. The Confederates were once again in a strong defensive position. The action at New Hope Church had ended.

John William Kingry was living in Franklin County at the time he enlisted. He enlisted in the 42d VA Infantry Co.K (Called the Franklin Invincibles) . John served from 1861-1865. The 42d VA was formed from ten companies of  Central and Southwest VA. Most of the 42d VA were citizen soldiers. Only three or four officers of the regiment had any formal military training. Most left behind families who were dependent upon the father's labor on the farm to earn a living. John was married and left behind a wife and small children, probably no older than five years old at the time he enlisted. Very few of the members of the 42d owned slaves. It is doubtful that John owned any slaves.

Little is known of John before he moved to Texas. He was born in 1833 in Rocky Mount, Franklin, VA and probably married around 1853. his wife's name is unknown. It is known that he had the following children: John William b. 1870 in Hopkins Co., TX, Leo, Maude and Mattie. Another possible son is George b. 1859 probably in VA. There may be other children including J.L. b.1876 (this may also be the son above known as Leo). It is known that after the war, in November of 1870, John was in Hopkins Co., TX and that he died the 24th of November 1870.

The name Kingry/Kingery is actually an Americanized Gingrich and is of Swiss extraction. The Gingrich family arrived in America in Pennsylvania after fleeing to Germany for their Anabaptist beliefs. Three brothers: Christian, Jacob, and David arrived as indentured servants to Chester, PA and were in Lancaster, PA by 1724. They were Dunkards and many of their descendants were Mennonites. Just before and after the Revolution, there are many Kingery's in Winchester, Botetourt, Bedford, Franklin, Shenandoah, Rockbridge, VA. Also servine in Co.K with John was Henry Kingry and in John's Confederate Pension, he mentions a brother still living in Franklin, VA.

The 42d VA saw many of the "famous" battles of the Civil War. Serving with such great men as Stonewall Jackson, Jubal Early, and Robert E. Lee, John had an opportunity to serve under the legendary Confederate generals. The battles in which the 42d VA was engaged were almost non-stop. John was at Appamattox Court House when Lee surrendered and was possibly one of the soldiers who witnessed Lee's Surrender at Appamattox.

The 42d VA served under Thomas "Stonewall"Jackson, a Confederate hero, highly esteemed and revered by his men. The first campaign was Jackson's Shenandoah Campaign, 23d March 1862. US forces numbered 8500 to Confederate 3800 in the first battle of first Kernstown which resulted in a Union victory with Confederate casualties numbering 1300, but in a little over a month, Jackson had swept Union forces from the Valley.  On May 8, 1862 the second battle--- resulted in a Confederate victory. Cross Keys followed 8th June 1862 in a Confederate victory.  Port Republic, 9th June 1862 was another Confedrate victory. 1 July 1862  Malvern Hill, a Union victory. Second Bull Run 28-30th August 1862 a Confederate victory.  Marye's Heights  11-15th December 1862, a Confederate victory. Chancellorsville April-May 1863, a Confederate victory. Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania  May-June 1864, inconclusive. Lynchburg May-June 1864, Confederate victory.   Cold Harbor 31st of May throught June 12th 1864 another Confederate victory. 9 June 1864 24 July 1864 Second Kernstown was a decisive Confederate victory. Second Winchester 19 September 1864 Union victory. Appamattox Campaign 2 April 1865 Union victory. Appamattox Court House.

Edward Cabell Browder served in the 18th TX Cavalry Co.C, CSA 13th Brigade under Captain John J. Good. He enlisted in 1862 in Dallas, TX and was stationed in Dallas, TX.

Edward was born in 1825 in Chariton Court, MO. He was the grand-nephew of President James Monroe, through his mother, Lucy Jane Monroe, daughter of Joseph Jones Monroe and Elizabeth Kerr. Edward and his brother, Isham Bell came to Dallas in 1848. In 1850 Edward received a land certificate for 320 acres in Ellis County, TX. He later purchased land which is now southwestern downtown Dallas extending to the Trinity River. He donated the land for the Old Dallas Courthouse. Edward was a planter and lived at Browder Springs which provided the first water system for the city of Dallas.

Edward married Elizabeth Coats in 1849 in Dallas, TX ahd had children: Pleasant Samuel b. 1852, Edward b. 1865, Lucy Jane b. 1859, Thomas, Annie Bell b. 1858, Harriett Emily b. 1860, Fannie Moore b. 1863 and an infant daughter born 1865. Edward died in 1878 and is buried, along with his wife and mother, in Old Dallas Cemetery in downtown Dallas. Edward was a slaveholder and planter in Dallas. A rocking chair, made by one of his slaves, is now in the possession of one of his descendants.

Leonard Henley Patterson is our only known soldier who was imprisoned. Leonard enlisted in Talladega, AL 15 May 1862 in Captain Averitt's Co.I, St.Clair Sharpshooters which was consolidated June 1863 into the 58th Regular AL Volunteers. He was noted as sick in the hospital in March through June 1863. Though the cause was not noted, besides the usual illnesses of the period, the war had brought a notable increase in the number of cases of dysentary.... Leonard's Confederate records note that he was 5'8" with brown hair, hazel eyes and that he was of dark complexion. This is not unusual in Confederate records and could indicate that the person was a farmer and had spent a great deal of time in the sun.

Leonard was born 5 December 1842 in Round Pond, St.Clair, AL according to records, though it is possible that he was born in Talladega or Montgomery Co. AL. After the war, before 1867, Leonard, possibly with his brother, Agripa B. Patterson, moved to Rusk County, TX where he married Martha A. Chapman in 1867. Leonard and Martha had children: Robert W., Bud, John L. or W., Emmy Lou, Molly, and Della. In 1886 Martha died of unknown causes. On 13 November 1889, Leonard married the widow, Sarah Jane Bryson Anderson whom he met while attending church. Sarah was the mother of young Nellie Anderson and step-mother to Nona, Cathie, and Robert Anderson. Leonard and Sarah had children: Callie Gertrude and Agripa B. Agripa B. died while young of an appendicitis. In the words of Callie, "We were just one big family. There was never any difference between the children. We were just brothers and sisters and we were all treated the same." Leonard died 15 November 1922 in Rusk, TX and is buried in Pine Hill Cemetery along with his wife and mother who must have arrived in Rusk Co., TX between 1870 and 1898, probably following the death of her second husband, James D. Inzer. Leonard's cause of death was TB Bourees which he may have contracted while in prison.

Co.I of the 58th AL was under John W. Inzer of St.Clair, AL, Clayton's Brigade, Stewart's Division, Breckenridge Corps, Col. J.T.Holzclaw. The 58th AL saw action in September of 1863 at Chickamauga. Losses in the 58th AL totaled 148 of 254 men. In November of 1863, the 58th AL and the 32d AL were combined. Leonard was captured at Missionary Ridge (see Dr. James Hanna McCorkle above for a description of the battle) on 25 November 1863 by forces under Maj. Gen. Thomas, commanding the Department of Cumberland. Of the 400 men in the newly combined 58th AL 250 were lost at Missionary Ridge. Along with Leonard, John W. Inzer was also captured at Missionary Ridge. Leonard was forwarded to Captain S.E. Jones, Pro Mar at Louisville, KY on the 5th of December 1863. He was received at Rock Island Prison, IL 10 December 1863 where he remained for the duration of the war and was discharged in June of 1865.

Conditions at Rock Island were deplorable. The prison was on an island in the Mississippi River between Rock Island, IL and Davenport, IA which was about three miles long and wide. The prison consisted of 84 barracks in 6 rows of 14 each. The barracks were 82x22x12 with a cookstove at either end. The barracks suffered from poor ventilation and overcrowding and in their construction, were little more than mere shanties. Over five-thousand prisoners arrived with Leonard in December 1863 to find an uncompleted prison, a lack of blankets, straw for bedding, fuel for fire, food, frozen water supplies which were primarily from the river, inexperienced medical care, rampant smallpox, tuberculosis, dysentery and miserable, fatal conditions. In the middle of winter, for a man unaccustomed to the severity of northern winters, we can only imagine the prisoner's despair. The population of the prison averaged 5-8,000 throughout the remainder of the War. Though the North had plenty of supplies, the Northern anger over the conditions of Union POW's (in a land ravaged by war where supplies were nonexistant) was such that a policy of retaliation was instituted which deprived the Confederate POW's of humane conditions. Of 12,000 prisoners from the end of 1863 until the end of the war in 1865, 1,950 died, almost 17%. Today Rock Island Prison is remembered by a small memorial and a cemetery which has been moved to provide a golf course, a small tribute to the men who suffered and died in that prison.

Josiah Franklin McCall enlisted in Co.H 35th NC of Ranson's Brigade. He was mortally wounded at Petersburg, hospitalized 21 August 1864 through 7 September 1864 when he was given thirty days leave to return home. He died in Charlotte, NC 25 September 1864, eighteen days later. He is listed as killed in the Confederate records.

Josiah was born 1822 in Charlotte, Mecklenburg, NC. He married 1844 in Charlotte, NC to Elizabeth Hall. Josiah and Elizabeth had children: Daniel Hall b. 1845, Isabelle "Bell" Jane b. 1846, and Elizabeth C. b. 1847. Elizabeth Hall died before 1848. In 1849 Josiah married his cousin, Cecelia Katherine McCall, daughter of his uncle, John McCall and his wife, Margaret Jane Smith. Josiah and Cecelia had children: Nancy C. b. 1849, Samuel Hoke b. 1851, Sarah C. b. 1857, Junius L. b. 1859, and Margaret.

Ransom's Brigade saw action Fredericksburg, VA 13 December 1862 as Union and Confederate troops met on a foggy midmorning. Ransom's Brigade, under Longstreet was posted on and at the foot of Marye's heights, a ridge behind Fredericksburg. The battle continued furiously as Union troops fought to reach the top of the ridge, failing to overthrow Lee's well-entrenched troops. The Union army suffered 12, 653 casualties in the day's fighting of 114,000 engaged while the Confederate loss was 5309 casualties of 72,500 engaged. Ransom's troops were then ordered to guard Weldon RR until May 1863 and then to protect Richmond until July 1863 at which time they were ordered west to eastern Tennessee where they remained until April 1864 when they were once again called toRichmond. During their time in Tennessee, they were once again under Longstreet's command and engaged in several skirmishes as they forced the Federals back to Richmond.

It is Impossible to understand "the War" without first understanding the nature of the political world in the United States prior to the Civil War, and even before the Constitution, when the States were united under the Articles of Confederation.

The very name "United States" implies a union of States, in which the state is supreme and chooses to unite with the other states to form a union.